A centrifuge is a separation machine that uses centrifugal force to separate suspensions or emulsions. The main part of the centrifuge is a drum that rotates at a high speed to generate a centrifugal force field, in which the materials to be separated are placed.
According to the different separation principles, centrifuges can be divided into two types: sedimentation type and filter type.
The filter centrifuge is used to separate the suspension, the drum wall is punched with small holes, and there is a filter screen or filter cloth in the inner village of the drum. Depending on the material, the material should be added while the drum is stationary or rotating. When the drum rotates, the liquid in the suspension is thrown out of the drum through the small holes on the filter screen and the drum wall under the action of centrifugal force, and the solid phase is trapped on the filter screen to form a filter residue layer. The filter residue can be unloaded manually after the drum is stopped, or unloaded by a mechanical device when the drum is rotating.
Decanter centrifuges can separate suspensions and emulsions, and there are no holes in the drum wall. When the drum rotates, the components with different specific gravity are separated from each other under the action of centrifugal force. When separating the suspension, the solid phase is deposited on the drum wall, and the surface of the solid phase is a liquid distributed in a ring; when separating the emulsion, the material is divided into two concentric liquid rings, the outer ring is the liquid with higher density, and the inner ring is the density Saddle small liquid. When separating the suspension, the material is added after the centrifuge is started, and the discharge situation is the same as that of the filter centrifuge. When the emulsion is separated, the feeding and the discharge of the separated material are continuously carried out during the rotation of the drum.
The separation factor f is the multiple of the centrifugal acceleration of the material to the earth’s gravitational acceleration during centrifugal separation: f=Rw2/g,
In the formula: R: the inner radius of the jurisdiction drum (m)
w: Angular velocity of the drum (radians/sec)
g: Earth’s gravitational acceleration (m/s2)
The centrifugal separation operation intensity of the centrifuge is proportional to the separation factor.
Post time: Sep-08-2022